QA system and mechanisms, as is manifested in routinized QA processes that facilitate the observation of both academic and administrative activities: all university entities follow a Plan-Implementation-Outcomes-Improvement (PIOI) process. Faculties follow their plans in their academic work, assess the outcomes, and feedback the assessment information into needed improvement. This PIOI process provides the framework of QA performance indicators: how each unit performs in its work. Such performance indicators are documented in the annual reporting expectations for all academic and administrative units.
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